Robert Pogson

One man, closing all the windows.

Monthly Archives / April 2011

  • Apr 30 / 2011
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Time Warp: Canada Falls Back to 1800

“Article 23 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights identifies the ability to organize trade unions as a fundamental human right.” but not in Canada according to the Supreme Court. It ruled 8 to 1 against collective bargaining for agricultural workers…

What’s up with that?

That’s a sad commentary on law in Canada. If employers, including farms, have the right to incorporate, so should employees no matter what their employment.

  • Apr 30 / 2011
  • 10
Uncategorized

Building a PC

While there are lots of places one can buy a PC loaded with GNU/Linux, it is still useful to build a PC to avoid “the tax” M$ places on personal computers. Even Dell, which supposedly sells PCs with Ubuntu, makes it so difficult it may well be easier to build your own. This article takes you through the steps.

  1. Review what you want to do with the PC. There are few who need a powerful CPU unless you create/edit/render video or compile huge quantities of software. Gamers may or may not benefit from a powerful CPU depending on the software. I will assume in the article that a modest but reliable CPU is all that is required. You might as well have a CPU that works a bit as a powerful one idling. Your review may also touch on how much storage and RAM are required. Generally we interact with a few windows in a browser and one or two other applications, so tons of RAM are not required. Even a system with 512 MB of RAM will do most users. If all you do is run the PC, you don’t need much storage although you might benefit from the speed of SSD and put the bulky storage files on a hard drive. One should use gigabit/s networking on any modern PC. Video is another place where tons of money is wasted. If all you do is browse the web, you can do with just a modest video interface.
  2. Choose a motherboard which does what you need. I normally want a 64bit system because the throughput is huge and the cost is modest. 64bitness is one of the few frills that really pays with the huge data rates possible between RAM and CPU and between peripheral devices and RAM. If everything can run at full speed simultaneously you are much less likely to have a bottleneck. AMD CPUs tend to be less expensive so I would start with a 64bit CPU with 1 or 2 cores. 3 or more cores will be idling most of the time.
  3. Choose a single supplier for convenience. Time is valuable so being able to shop in one place is very important. I like ComputerAvenue or ComputerBoulevard in Winnipeg (both on St. James Street) or NCIX (NetLink Computers) in Vancouver. Other useful suppliers are NewEgg and TigerDirect or FrontierPC.
  4. When the goods arrive, verify that everything is there by laying it out and checking off the invoice. This helps in the assembly process as well because you will need parts in a certain order and having them laid out on a table makes it easier to find stuff. A sharp utility knife of scissors may be useful to open packages…
  5. I generally start by positioning the case where I can see the mounting points and the connectors on the motherboard well so that no moving around is required in the process. Installing the motherboard is first because everything attaches to it. Leave the power supply out if it is not pre-installed because the cables are many and stiff and bulky. Pay attention to static electricity especially in heating season in cold climates or very dry climates. At least bring yourself and all packages in contact with the case as you install things before opening the packages. A wrist strap or grounding wire may be useful. In many years of working on these things, I cannot recall a destroyed motherboard or part but it is certainly possible. Take care.
  6. Install the standoffs on the backplane where there are mounting holes on the motherboard. Handle the motherboard by its edges and line up the connectors with the template if there is one and the opening at the back of the case. Done right the motherboard comes in for a multipoint landing with everything where it should be. If it hangs up, adjust carefully and do not force anything as the board is fragile. When the motherboard is in position it may need to be pushed to the reare a millimetre or so to compress springy fingers on the connector template. Gently screw in the fasteners.
  7. Take the CPU out of its box and open the clamp on the motherboard. The motherboard will likely have instructions for the particular socket. Place the CPU gently down on the socket in the proper orientation. Done right the CPU should fall into the holes in the socket. It is amazing that one can line up 1K+ connectors like that but it works. Again, no force should be used because the pins may bend and make a mess. The tiny weight of the CPU should be all that is necessary. If it does not drop in nicely, it is probably in the wrong orientation. The pins are in a nearly-square array so there are four ways it might line up but only one will do. There is a triangle on many sockets and CPUs to help or you can examine the pattern of pins and sockets. Engage the clamp.
  8. Install the heatsink/cooler for the CPU according to the directions. Usually there is a wad of a thermal interface with a protective layer that should be removed and the cooler is placed on the CPU and clamped down. Connect the cooler’s fan to the motherboard.
  9. Install the RAM modules. Many have locks at both ends which should be out of the way for insertion. When the module bottoms-out it should have pushed the locks in to engage the module. The manual for the motherboard will indicate what RAM sockets should be filled with various combinations of memory modules.
  10. Connect the various cables: front panel, USB, SATA, CD-audio etc. The front panel cables are usually identified by colour or markings so you may need to consult the manual that came with the motherboard to find where they go. On older systems this cable was a loose bundle but on newer systems they are clustered to make it easier.
  11. Install the power supply and its cables to motherboard and drives. Many motherboards will have one large Molex connector and one or two additional 12V connectors. Generally, if it fits, plug it in. If you have all your stuff installed, connect monitor, keyboard and mouse and apply power. A single post “beep” and something on the monitor should indicate a good installation but we can do further testing after installing an operating system or utilities like memtest86. An installation tends to use most of the RAM but a few days of memtest86 is a great test. Most problems with RAM will be detected early but tests every week or so for a few weeks may find some infant mortality.

Here’s a shopping list I drew up as an exercise to see how shopping for parts compares to certain barebones offers.

I looked at my favourite supplier’s site, NCIX.com and found

Item SKU Cost
Motherboard, MSI 785GM-P45 with 6 SATA, 1 PATA, gigabit, 4 DDR3, and ATI Radeon HD 4200 video on-board bundled with AMD Athlon II 160U processor with 1 MB cache. See the manual This CPU is 64bit and contains two cores with the second one disabled. Unlocked, the CPU runs as a X2 260. 60038 $79.99
RAM two sticks of Corsair DDR3 2gB 1333MHz 39572-1097 $39.98
2 500gB SATA hard drives, Seagate 58611-1097 $75.98
Case, Coolermaster Elite 350 Black ATX Mid Tower Case 400W 4X5.25 1X3.5 6X3.5INT, a decent basic case with room to expand. RC-350-KKR400 $59.98
Total $255.93

I am assuming you have a USB drive the thing can boot for installation. I recommend setting up the two drives in software RAID 1, a trivial operation at installation. This gives you two heads for seeking files and you can transfer two files simultaneously. Compared to some retail systems, this thing is quite competitive. see for example, Zotac, for $50 more giving less (Atom with much less storage). Instead of spending more money, spend less and a bit of your time. The government can tax your purchases but not your leisure-time labour.

You can put an installer on the USB drive easily. It’s bascially copying the installation CD image.iso file to the USB device, overwriting the file system there.

You can also boot from the network if you set up DHCP and a server on your LAN.

The beauty of building your own PC, is that you can put in what you need, not what someone else wants and you don’t have to dodge M$’s tax.

  • Apr 29 / 2011
  • 26
technology

Desirable OS

It has been a long time if ever that Linux has been described as a desirable OS but it is happening now. A survey of smartphone-lovers finds that more intend to buy Android/Linux next rather than iOS or worst, Phoney 7. Underneath it is the same stuff that consumers have not been choosing for a decade but the change is understandable. While the forces of evil denigrated GNU/Linux as “communism” and “cancer” and their multitudes of “partners” repeated the chants until the media believed them and common wisdom in the retail trade was than no one would buy GNU/Linux, the makers of smart phones have been uncontaminated. You can see ads on television for smart phones with Android/Linux from the manufacturers, ISPs, banks, etc. and many millions of people are showing them to their friends. The “partners” have been bypassed. The monopoly is now irrelevant.

Interestingly, while low cost has been touted as one of the major advantages of GNU/Linux, the smart phones with Android/Linux are often sold at a premium over the high-prices products from Apple. There is a long tail of lower-priced models but it is often the purchase of a smart phone from an ISP at a rate subsidized by the ISP and paid along with monthly usage that makes the Android/Linux smart phone reasonably priced. The openness of the system also permits many manufacturers, not just the biggies, to dive in and compete on price/performance. The result is Apple is being swarmed and cannot match the presence/hype/mind-share of Android/Linux. The same thing will happen in tablets and eventually in all forms of personal computers.

For share numbers see “Android Outranks Apple in Desirability–and That’s Huge”

The numbers are interesting. Android/Linux has passed iOS in desirability and Phoney 7 and iOS have both declined in desirability. FLOSS is knocking off two monopolists with one stone. By the time M$/Nokia get their act together, Android/Linux will be a winner, a new kind of monopoly of the multitude. Fragmentation? Software-patents? Ha! These are not an issue. Price/performance and competition beat constipation any day. This will spread to all PCs sooner or later. The world just does not need monopolists in Silicon Valley or Redmond. The world can create its own IT.

Want to give FLOSS a spin on your PC? Try Debian GNU/Linux. Want a smart thingie running some form of Linux? Go to any retail outlet for smart phones. Just stay away from Apple amd M$. You can run, examine, modify and distribute the software with few restrictions and lots of enablement.

Here are some sellers of smart phones:

Hmmm. That last one is interesting. Aren’t they the ones that decided GNU/Linux was not going to sell on netbooks after M$’s salesmen paid them a visit?

  • Apr 28 / 2011
  • 1
technology

No More Class-action Lawsuits in USA

In a bizarre ruling, SCOTUS has ruled that if a contract includes compulsory arbitration, class-action lawsuits by consumers are not allowed. A case in California had found courts considered the provision unconscionable. Among other things, the business could appoint an arbiter and 96% of the time, the arbiter found in favour of the business…

This is a blow to consumers in USA and a black mark on the justices of SCOTUS who see their pet philosophy of life overruling constitutional law. I wonder if such a court will ever kick out software patents which are also anti-competitive and a burden to consumers.

see The Register – US Supremes deal death blow to class action lawsuits

  • Apr 28 / 2011
  • 5
technology

PCs 1Q 2011

According to Canalys which counts tablets, 88 million PCs shipped in 1Q 2011. About 5 million of those were tablets. That leaves very little growth for PCs on which that other OS ships, perhaps 1-2% Y/Y. I wonder if a year or more of such lackluster growth will cause the ouster of Steve B.

Combining the effect of Barnes and Noble’s defiance of M$’s NDA-encrusted licensing offer for their Nook e-book readers, which suggests M$ will not be able to discourage the world from slurping up tablet PCs with Android. and 2011 is looking like a grim year for M$.

The monopoly is on sick-leave.

see Digitimes – Worldwide PC market up 7% as pads fuel growth, says Canalys

UPDATE M$’s report is in. Revenue for that other OS on PCs is down 4%. Worse, for M$, operating income is down 10%. Wow! That is more than the dip in PC units shipped in spite of what they write:
“Windows 7 remains the fastest selling operating system in history with 350 million licenses sold. Revenue for the segment was down 4% in the third quarter, in line with the PC trends, excluding prior year launch impact.”

They are also stuck at 350million… Isn’t that old news? Further, ARM processors are shipping in the billions. What OS is on them? I guess the dinosaur has not felt the tar on its toes yet. The fact is that personal computing is on fire, not declining. M$ is losing its grip on personal computing. Most reports that I have read state that the decline in M$’s PCs is far offset by the explosion of ARMed devices, both smartphones and tablets. People just don’t need that other OS any longer. I expect another year of declines for M$ until they can ship something on tablets that gives something competitive to Android/Linux or GNU/Linux. Consumers are not going to be put back in the bottle. They love the tiny gadgets too much.

Checking with IDC’s 1Q2011 summary of PC shipments, they report only Lenovo had good growth. They ship a lot into China but they also had good growth in the rest of the world. They do ship GNU/Linux if you insist.

  • Apr 27 / 2011
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technology

Bosses Who Break Things

Some bosses just don’t know their limits and like to micro-manage and intrude at every level. Sometimes it works but often the boss stumbles in, breaks something, and resumes his busy day leaving employees to pick up the pieces.

I have had some incidents. One day a boss came in to tweak something on a cyclotron and jammed a highly radioactive target. I had to go in an manually free some Zn65 that was fresh from the machine. Another time I had a boss who would come in and demand a report, some statistics, about how the programme was going. He would invent a different reward programme for students every other week with new criteria. As this was not pre-planned, our paperwork was not yielding the information promptly so I finally automated. Whatever he demanded, I could work out an SQL query to dash out an answer within a few minutes. I was pretty sure that boss broke things as a form of harassment.

Well, Apple has such a boss. He is suing folks for using “app store” in terms of Android but the argument has been raised that Jobs himself has used the term “app store” generically… There goes the case, trademark and all.

see “Steve Jobs’ Android jabs may cost him App Store trademark”

  • Apr 27 / 2011
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Horror

There is news that the CoreFlood botnet has been dealt a blow by governments taking over the servers that are the command and control system. The horror comes from the analysis of this botnet. Over six years it has amassed gigabytes of account authentication information and has spread by taking over the system administrator accounts for whole “domains” of that other OS. Continue Reading

  • Apr 27 / 2011
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technology

M$ Costs Jobs

Repeatedly we are told that using M$’s stuff creates jobs world-wide. It is not so. It is out-sourcing to M$. Take Nokia for example. They are chopping 4000 jobs with many of them in R&D, the lifeblood of tech. Replacing their own OS with M$’s does not make a lot of sense because M$’s share of phones is tiny. Putting it on Nokia’s stuff is bound to encourage customers to shop elsewhere, say, Android.

On the consumer side of things, M$ likes to take $50 or more from each PC sold. That’s larger than the margin on lots of hardware and represents lost profits that could be invested in R&D locally, around the globe. Businesses locked into M$ will sink or swim with M$ and you can bet that when the ship goes down, M$ will be sure to take the last lifeboat.

  • Apr 27 / 2011
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technology

Reality in IT in 2011

A number of manufacturers and OEMs have scaled back their estimates of notebook production in 2011. This is not about shrinkage by a few companies. It is an industry-wide phenomenon where tablets are taking a bite out of the market. Tomorrow, M$ will reveal its situation. If the manufacturers feel the pain we should see that pain reflected in a kink in the growth of M$’s revenues.

  • Compal dropped estimates for 2011 12% with quarterly revenue down 48% from a year ago…
  • Samsung was the only one to achieve a paltry 1% growth in notebooks for the quarter

Since notebooks are the largest share of the IT landscape and desktops are only showing life in the corporate sector, M$ should have a change from the usual news. We shall see. They do have some presence in tablets but little on ARM and nothing on Apple’s stuff. I don’t expect their situation to change for the better until their product is released on ARM sometime late in 2012. I expect it will be a disaster like Vista judging by defections and low morale leaking into the news.

Worse than defections from within, customers are also defecting. Even the share of PCs installed with that other OS continue to decline.

  • Apr 27 / 2011
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Barnes and Noble is on the Warpath

Barnes and Noble has filed counterclaims against M$ asserting that M$ “is misusing these patents as part of a scheme to try to eliminate or marginalize the competition to its own Windows Phone 7 mobile device operating system posed by the open source AndroidTM operating system and other open source operating systems. Microsoft’s conduct directly harms both competition for and consumers of eReaders, smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile electronic devices, and renders Microsoft’s patents unenforceable.” Continue Reading

  • Apr 25 / 2011
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Gardening

It looks like there is no chance of a teaching position this spring so I will put more effort into gardening. My wife should not be able to kill off stuff in my absence north.

I have 50 caragana bushes sprouted and ready to put outdoors in a couple of weeks. Global warming has improved our growing season here. I also have about 25 bell peppers, a dahlia and some lilies. Continue Reading