Archive for April, 2010



The Empire Strikes Back

GNU/Linux has been eating M$’s lunch in many markets. Rather than competing, M$ is threatening suit over patents supposedly violated by using GNU/Linux. This week it was HTC that decided to pay royalties to M$ for software patents. We can expect that M$ has a crew of extortionistssalesmen negotiating more such deals with any successful company using GNU/Linux. It could cost many millions of dollars to defend such a suit with no certainty of winning but one could negotiate a tolerable rate of royalty that will not break the budget. Thus it grows until one of M$’s divisions will be SCO-SourceM$-Patent-licensing.

This deal is a bit different than others we have read about. Google is involved. HTC uses Android, Google’s variation on GNU/Linux. M$ would love it if Google invoked the GPL to prohibit HTC distributing patent-encumbrance but it might be a different result if Google sued M$ for interfering in its business. Why doesn’t M$ sue Google for violating M$’s patents? They are afraid of Google. They know Google would fight back because Google needs Android to be free and pervasive. If M$ persuades the world of IT/gadgets that GNU/Linux is a liability to M$ the world may avoid GNU/Linux. Google will fight this eventually. They may consider it too small to matter at the moment but M$ will continue taxing GNU/Linux until the problem is too big to ignore.

I believe Bilski will be decided this year and software patents may be kicked into the garbage heap where they belong. Google may not have to do anything to deflate M$’s bubble. As we saw with Caldera/SCOG, becoming a litigation company is one of the signs of the proximate end of this charade. This could get interesting if it escalates. I expect suing lots of businesses will result in fewer businesses being customers of M$.

- Robert Pogson

Evil Has Multiple Heads

I have long viewed M$ as the Great Satan and tolerated Apple because Apple at least makes interesting products. They are also small enough that they are not an elephant in the living room. My opinion just changed. They are two heads of the same evil.

Being in business and doing well does not poke a hole in common sense and fairness, principles that all can live by. Businesses and their leaders must be held accountable for their actions. Apple just triggered a raid by police on the home of the editor of Gizmodo, a respectable source of information about lots of new gadgets, just like Apple sells. Where is the common sense in that? Why would any company attack an outfit bent on spreading news about their products, giving free advertising? Where is the respect for the constitutional right to be free from arbitrary search and seizure?

Apple has done some FLOSS-like things by opening some code and using a UNIX OS underneath and they use ARM but their ethics stink.

GIZMODO! GIZMODO! GIZMODO! GIZMODO! GIZMODO! GIZMODO!

Take that, Apple. Die, Steve Jobs!

Now that I have ventilated I can comment on some things that I really hated about Apple even before this final straw. Trying to extend copyright protection in their OS (which is a product many like) via the EULA to require running on their hardware is a huge non-free aspect of their operation. A business that produces a good OS should be happy that customers run it on any hardware. Apple uses this leverage to bless their hardware and to make the job of providing drivers for hardware easier for them. They can also charge an unnaturally higher price for less capable hardware just because it it “blessed by Jobs”. I like competition in software and hardware. Apple stifles competition. If IBM had blessed Apple with a monopoly in the old days, they would be just as bad as M$. They are now in the scale of evil but smaller in economic impact.

We should not ignore Apple any longer as the enemy of our enemy. Apple is not our friend. Three years ago, I enlightened my brother about the merits of GNU/Linux as compared to MacOS. For schools, there is not much comparison. Apple’s products cost much more than free software and hardware. They do not really work any better either. Schools do not need software whose supplier has made a deal with the devil to be allowed to run on Apple’s hardware.

Update Carla Schroder digs deeper and gives her opinion about the incident between Apple and Gizmodo.

Update 2 ABC News gets it right.

- Robert Pogson

Bugs in Debian GNU/Linux

The boys and girls at Debian GNU/Linux are squashing bugs at a remarkable rate. If they keep this up, Squeeze could be out by Q3 2010. Only a few weeks ago, it was looking like Q1 2011. Squeeze is quite usable for me already. I can dodge a black-screen bug by avoiding VT switching which my users do not need anyway.

Section ServerFlags
Option “DontVTSwitch” “True”
Option “DontZap” “True”
EndSection

is all I need in /etc/X11/xorg.conf to dodge the problem. I still do not know whether this is a problem with KMS, Kernel Mode Switching, or X. It affects both Intel and ATI chipsets here. I find 141 hits on http://bugs.debian.org for “black screen”. I had an idea that the Linux kernel was the problem because of recent work on direct rendering, KMS etc. but I do not have the resources to test everything. I could not dodge the problem by installing the latest kernel and several configuration options but avoiding VT switching seems to work. At the rate Debian is fixing bugs, these should get a lot of attention soon.

- Robert Pogson

Prevalence of Malware

M$ reports that 7/1000 of PCs scanned show evidence of malware. Let’s see. 7/1000 X 1300 million is 9 million infected PCs globally. Weren’t there more than that compromised in a single quarter last year? Yes, there were. Some report 2.5 to 13% of PCs compromised in various countries. Panda Security claims 23% of PCs with updated anti-virus software are infected. M$ is out to lunch or has a much different view of infection than others. Perhaps they view a lot of malware as normal.

When I came to my present employment I found by scanning that about half the sick PCs were infected. We restored to factory as best we could, updated and backed-up machines to cure as much as we could. Even with a really difficult anti-virus/firewall regime we still get a few infections. Less than 23% for sure, but then I can only detect what our scanners can detect. I have never detected anything but a test virus on a GNU/Linux PC.

Whether we have infections or not we spend a lot of time and money preventing them. The best way to prevent them is to run GNU/Linux since a tiny fraction of viruses are aimed at that OS. There are a lot of reasons to use GNU/Linux but this one alone is sufficient.

An example: Last night I was about to leave the building when a teacher who was working late on reports flagged me down to look at an XP PC that would not print. It ran terribly slowly. I had to kill many processes just in order to run diagnostics like task-manager. The print queue was plugged but everything seemed normal. I could browse to the network printer. I started a scan for malware and found nothing. The resident anti-malware software was installed, updated and working normally, too. I booted SystemRescueCD and it failed mid-way. I could not boot at all from a USB device. I then examined the BIOS setting and found nothing out of the ordinary. I did a factory-reset of the BIOS and found I could now boot from USB devices and the CD. Memtest86 showed nothing. I backed up the user’s files. When I booted into the OS on the hard drive, the system immediately started printing to the network printer. I have no idea what the corruption of the BIOS was that was not detected by the checksum. This was possibly not malware but I wasted hours trying to detect malware. On a system running GNU/Linux I likely would not have scanned for malware except as a last resort, and I would have had no trouble with lock-in applications so a restoration would have worked very well if needed. How many hours do you waste every year fighting malware? I don’t want to waste a second of my life doing that. I run GNU/Linux to minimize that task.

I have only worked here a few months but I have struggled a lot with malware. Patching that other OS, fire-walling, scanning, etc. all seem futile. The best solution I have is paving the OS with GNU/Linux. Restoring to a snapshot of the drive from an earlier time is second best.

- Robert Pogson

War of the Hair-driers

AMD and Intel are producing some 6-core processors … for desktops. Intel is selling some for $1k. AMD is selling some for less. The market for these things is tiny, only a few percent of users have any use for such things. Heavy graphics and number-crunching are tiny markets including gaming. Even most gamers are quite satisfied with lesser processors.

I wonder what the fascination is for 125W CPUs. PCs in my school rarely go over 10% utilization unless they are running that other OS when 40% is not unusual. That is 32bits at 2.x gHz. These things AMD is selling can punch up to 3.6 gHz for pulses on 6 64-bit cores…

For the same cost as one of these chips, these guys could be producing a huge number of ARM chips. I am not sure what the ratio would be but it must be 100:1. They could sell them for $30 and make several times as much money as they do selling the one hair-drier. Please, fellows, keep the hair-driers on the server please. Sell us small cheap chips, please. There is probably a market for 1000 million small cheap computers that you are not reaching with your current products. For every server there is a need for >100 client computers. Sell what people need, not what Wintel wants.

- Robert Pogson

Jason Perlow and FaceBook

After his FaceBook account was compromised, he assumed it was malware on that other OS that snagged his account information. He has decided to jail that other OS and run GNU/Linux mostly except for a few apps in a virtual machine.

I think his decision is sound but the reasoning may be faulty. Depending on how FaceBook was compromised, it may or may not have been the fault of that other OS. Malware artists are extremely sophisticated these days because there is big money to be made in spam and they may have found a way to compromise an account without hacking into his client machines. His router may have been hacked, for instance, or his ISP or FaceBook’s ISP etc. Combined with the recent notice about 1.5 million FaceBook accounts offered for sale, I suspect it is most likely that FaceBook was compromised somehow. They are running F5 BIG-IP which has had some problems before. Opening a server to the Internet is a bold move which sometimes fails.

- Robert Pogson

Compound Vulnerabilities

Most everyone agrees that, if you are going to run that other OS you should at least:

  1. run a good firewall
  2. run a good anti-malware tool
  3. patch regularly

That is over and above the usual stuff about back-ups and disaster-plans which should be part of any IT system. The back-ups and disaster-plans were exercised this weekend by many customers of McAfee. They got into trouble because they were following #2, above. McAfee zapped an important system file and XP SP3 was toast. A lot of customers will be angry with McAfee and demand compensation and/or change suppliers. Why aren’t they angry at M$ who makes them work so hard just to have IT? This must be the “last straw” for a lot of people. Pity the folks who have not completely automated their recovery. They had to visit each machine and re-image. XP SP3 is everywhere. McAfee is everywhere, too.

Latest 10-K filing:”If our products do not work properly, we could experience negative publicity, damage to our reputation, legal liability, declining sales and increased expenses.

Failure to protect against security breaches. Because of the complexity of our products, we have in the past found errors in versions of our products that were not detected before first introduced, or in new versions or enhancements, and we may find such errors in the future. Because of the complexity of the environments in which our products operate, our products may have errors or defects that customers identify after deployment. Failures, errors or defects in our products could result in security breaches or compliance violations for our customers, disruption or damage to their networks or other negative consequences and could result in negative publicity, damage to our reputation, declining sales, increased expenses and customer relation issues. Such failures could also result in product liability damage claims against us by our customers, even though our license agreements with our customers typically contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to potential product liability claims. Furthermore, the correction of defects could divert the attention of engineering personnel from our product development efforts. A major security breach at one of our customers that is attributable to or not preventable by our products could be very damaging to our business. Any actual or perceived breach of network or computer security at one of our customers, regardless of whether the breach is attributable to our products, could adversely affect the market’s perception of our security products and our stock price.

False alarms. Our system protection software products have in the past, and these products and our intrusion protection products may at times in the future, falsely detect viruses or computer threats that do not actually exist. These false alarms, while typical in the security industry, would likely impair the perceived reliability of our products and may therefore adversely impact market acceptance of our products. In addition, we have in the past been subject to litigation claiming damages related to a false alarm, and similar claims may be made in the future.

Total net revenue
$ 1,927,332,000

The world is laying out tens of billions of dollars to McAfee and many other businesses to secure that other OS. Why is M$ not held responsible for doing that? Is it because no one trusts M$?

Between the patching, the re-re-reboots, the war against malware, and disasters like this one, wouldn’t the world be much further ahead to use GNU/Linux instead? If GNU/Linux lacks features that users of IT feel is important, they could spend their money on improving GNU/Linux instead of keeping that other OS alive, sometimes. All these billions could be put to better use.

- Robert Pogson

$3 Licences Anyone?

The US Supreme Court will consider a case of imported copyrighted works undercutting domestic prices. The suit involves re-selling products bought in China, legally, in the USA at much lower prices than the copyright holder charges in the USA. The first-sale doctrine holds that once a product is sold, the copyright holder has no further claim on it since the copyright holder was paid properly what he wanted to be paid and should not be paid again for a subsequent sale.

For a long time M$ sold licences the same price everywhere but lately, in order to block un-licensed software and GNU/Linux, they have seriously cut prices in places like China. If SCOTUS decides that the first-sale rule applies to importations, M$ will face stiff competition by importations of its own products. M$ could respond by not selling in foreign markets, or cutting prices globally. Both would seriously impact the bottom line but would finally force the monopoly to compete on price everywhere and not just to stifle competition. It is silly to charge $100+ in the USA for stuff that sells for $3 in China. They could modify the EULA, perhaps (if this is not covered already), but on what basis would the BSA prosecute?

BSA “Your honour, Joe, here bought our product, legally, in China for $3 but brought it here. We want you to order him to pay $150 plus damages.”

Judge: “Why? You were already paid. Why should you be paid twice?”

Where will it all end? Life becomes so hard, eventually, when you try to deceive people.

- Robert Pogson

Intel Bets on Wintel

Intel is ramping up the price and features on Atom chips believing that folks want/need hotter CPUs in the netbooks… I find that sad. CPUs are already idling with single cores in Atomic netbooks. I know. I had one working in my lab after installing Debian GNU/Linux on it. Top is a revealing command… The key feature of Wintel over the last ten years is that people will pay more for features they do not use, like DDR3/dual-core in a netbook.

The writing is on the wall. People want netbooks for portability and long battery life. DDR3 won’t do that. Dual core can help, if you cut the clock-speed. A hotter CPU just wastes more power. ARM will eat these things for lunch. ARM does use multiple cores these days but each core runs a sub-process doing something useful, not an idle-loop.

Wintel is terrified of the ever-falling price of hardware that is a consequence of open standards and Moore’s Law. They need monopoly and the ability to dictate to the market. That is changing now that ARM is hot enough and GNU/Linux is free.

Wintel just does not get “small is beautiful” and “cloud”-computing. We do not need more powerful CPUs on clients. We need fanless clients with lower power consumption doing what we do now for less. ARM gets that. GNU/Linux gets that. More powerful CPUs belong on servers and clusters of servers in some room where folks can wear ear-plugs and cooling water is available. We do not need them on the bus going to school.

I used to be a fan of AMD as a competitor of Intel but they have sold their souls to Wintel, too, by not even bothering with good CPUs for netbooks. Their Geode was developed by others and is very long in the tooth.

Two netbooks are due for release by Lenovo and ASUS driven by Qualcomm’s Snapdragon ARM processor. There are already a few out with earlier versions but these will do anything required of a netbook, including HD video.

There are already billions of ARM processors in the market doing a good job for less. Wintel is on notice that the gravy-train is ending but they continue to produce bloated products for a market increasingly informed of choice. I predict ARM netbooks will sell like hotcakes and that by the end of the year, ARM will enter the mainstream PC markets: desktops and notebooks. There is no reason why that will not happen. If the established players will not produce those products others will. Performance/price will rise dramatically and leave Wintel behind within a couple of years. 22nm production will include ARM. ARM will be able to run larger caches then and run full-blown GNU/Linux desktops quite well. In the meantime the embedded-style systems will grow in popularity. Simple is attractive. Complex is not.

PS: M$’s new Kin phones will also guzzle more juice. HAHAHAHA! This is like watching a train-wreck in slow motion… I don’t get the ‘phone at all let alone cordless ones but my son has one running ARM. He runs it for days guiding his driving, phoning home a lot, etc. More juice is ugly. Ugly.

- Robert Pogson

Open Letter to Chinook SD

I was shocked to read about the audit of Chinook SD by the BSA. Money is tight and should not be wasted on suppliers who are so costly. If Chinook SD looked at its guiding principals:

  • Student Centered – Our decisions are focused on strengthening student learning and meeting the needs of children and youth.
  • Collaborative Relationships –
    Our relationships are positive and cooperative to increase system effectiveness.
  • Visionary – Our actions are positive and strategically proactive for a culture of growth.
  • Accountable – Our commitment to systematic monitoring and accountability ensures prudent use of human and financial resources.

it is clear that “proprietary” software with very restrictive licences is incompatible with education. The solution I recommend is Free Software. In schools, I use Debian GNU/Linux. The licence costs $0 and permits use, examination, modification and distribution of the software on as many computers as needed and the software can be shared with students and parents. The software scales beautifully to installations of many thousands of PCs and a single source, mirrored on servers world-wide, provides tested and properly licensed software in 25000 packages for every need of a teacher or student. The web application, Moodle, that Chinook SD uses, is an example of Free Software. The same benefits obtained by using it on the servers results from using Free Software on the client PCs, software that works for you not against you. Free Software is a cooperative project of the world and is much bigger than any company. There are hundreds of thousands of developers contributing and Debian GNU/Linux alone has millions of installations and a thousand developers. IBM, RedHat, and Novell all help organizations implement GNU/Linux with roll-outs of thousands of PCs.

The most efficient use of GNU/Linux is on terminal servers. Client PCs can be thin clients costing as little as $100 per fanless box. Almost any server makes a good terminal server with 512 MB RAM + 100 MB RAM per active client. A single server can run hundreds of users these days. The thin clients are as reliable as telephones and the server is a single machine to maintain instead of hundreds. Performance is better, too, because servers can afford fast arrays of storage devices where it is not feasible for individual PCs to have fast storage because of the cost. Savings in maintenance, drives, power supplies, cases and power consumption are very large. For video, it is still best to use a typical thick client but one per classroom may be sufficient.

I hope Chinook SD takes this event as an opportunity to change for the better and to avoid such incidents in the future. Proprietary software leaves Chinook SD open to audits at any time, a huge unfunded liability. Free Software eliminates that risk, saves money and increases performance.

Thank you,

Robert Pogson
Have server, will travel…

- Robert Pogson

Debian Squeeze Bug Count

Wow! the 900 developers and friends of Debian GNU/Linux are really eating up the bugs. They are down below 700 bugs now and they are not yet at package-freeze. If they keep this up, they will release this year. I have been using Squeeze in production and the black-screen problem I was getting is gone. I am not quite sure which package or bug that got fixed, but my terminal server and test machines have good screens now. I will dist-upgrade to squeeze again to see how that goes. I still have not distributed all my “new” machines so I could put squeeze on the remainder.

- Robert Pogson

M$ Sues its Loyal Customers

An insurance company in China was found to have 450 unlicenced copies of some of M$’s software. A court awarded $706 a copy, $318000. The insurance company had negotiated with M$ and rejected $30 a copy as “irrational”. I would bet Free Software is looking pretty good to those involved now.

The fact that the customer thought $30 a copy was too much should tell us something. GNU/Linux and home-grown apps is the way to go if they need special stuff. How many programmer-years (in China) for $318000? Do the maths. Just as the prosecution of a school principal in Russia prompted a wave of migration. This judgment in China will have the opposite effect desired by M$. The Chinese will opt for GNU/Linux instead of that other OS. It costs less and is free of legal entanglements.

M$ never learns. LTSP took off in education when M$ pushed to audit schools in the USA. Russian schools adopted GNU/Linux.

- Robert Pogson



Archives by Month

My Mission

My observations and opinions about IT are based on 40 years of use in science and technology and lately, in education. I like IT that is fast, cost-effective and reliable. I do not care whether my solution is the same as yours. I like to think for myself.

My first use of GNU/Linux in 2001 was so remarkably better than what I had been using, I feel it is important work to share GNU/Linux with the world. I have been blessed by working in schools where students and school systems have benefited by good, modular software easily installed in most systems.

I have shown GNU/Linux to thousands of students and hundreds of teachers over the years and will continue in some way doing that until I die in spite of the opposition.

Posts

April 2010
S M T W T F S
« Mar   May »
 123
45678910
11121314151617
18192021222324
252627282930  

    Writing

    2488 articles
    18599 comments

      Comments

      platforms
      linux 10349
      windows 8015
      macos 107
      wp 2
      sun 0

      browsers
      firefox 14332 
      safari 7212 
      chrome 7166 
      ie 2724 
      iceweasel 2035 
      opera 1232 
      konqueror 198 
      netnewswire 7 
      flock 0 
      lynx 0 
      bonecho 0 
      epiphany 0